Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is a type of antibody (or immunoglobulin (Ig)"isotype") that has only been found in mammals. IgE is synthesised by plasma cells. IgE's main function is immunity to parasites such as helminths like Schistosoma mansoni, Trichinella spiralis, and Fasciola hepatica. Total IgE is utilized during immune defense against certain protozoan parasites such as Plasmodium falciparum. Total IgE may have evolved as a last line of defense to protect against venoms.
Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is an interleukin that acts as both a pro inflammatory cytokine and an anti-inflammatory myokine. osteoblasts secrete IL-6 to stimulate osteoclast formation. Smooth muscle cells in the tunica media of many blood vessels also produce IL-6 as a pro-inflammatory cytokine.
HbA1c is the product of the hemoglobin combining with blood glucose in red blood cells, which can reflect the average blood glucose level over the amid 2-3 months.
Serum Cystatin C(Cys-C) has been proposed as a marker of glomerular filtration rate(GFR). Serum creatinine (creatinine) is widely used to estimate the glomerular filtration rate, but its tubular secretion, dependence on muscle mass, alteration in some inflammatory diseases, and analytical interferences can limit its utility. Thus, Cys-C has been proposed as a novel biomarker of kidney function.
BIOT-YG-I is a fluorescence immunoassay system with single channel that measures the quantitative concentration of a targeted analyte in human blood and urine.
NGAL (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, lipocalin-2, sidero- calin) is a novel biomarker for diagnosing acute kidney injury (AKI). Under normal conditions NGAL levels are low in urine and plasma Still, they rise sharply from basal levels in response to kidney injury to reach diagnostic levels within a very short time - as much as 24 hours or more before any significant rise in serum creatinine.
FLI-600 is a fluorescent immunoassay system with 6 channels that uses blood and urine to measure the quantitative concentration of targeted analyte. Its automated test process enables to carry out multiple simultaneous tests for six different samples.
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